// Alexey.cpp

#include <iostream>

class B {

public:
  virtual void speak(char *msg) { 
    std::cout << "\n  B object speaking in " << msg << "\n\n"; 
  }
};

class D : public B {

public:
  virtual void speak(char *msg) {
    std::cout << "\n  D object speaking in " << msg << "\n\n";
  }
};

void fun1(B b) { b.speak("fun1"); }

void fun2(B &b) { b.speak("fun2"); }

void main() {

  D d;
  fun1(d);
  fun2(d);
}