//////////////////
// MT1Q3.cpp 

#include <iostream>
#include <string>

class B
{
public:
  void say(const std::string& msg) const { std::cout << "\n  " << msg; }
  B() { say("B default ctor"); }
  B(const B& b)
  {
    say("B copy ctor");
  }
  virtual ~B() {}
  B& operator=(const B& b)
  {
    say("B assignment");
    if(&b == this) return *this;
    // no state to assign
    return *this;
  }
};

class D : public B
{
public:
  D() : B(), _i(0) { say("D default ctor"); }
  D(const D& d) : B(d), _i(d._i)
  {
    say("D copy ctor");
  }
  D& operator=(const D& d)
  {
    say("D assignment");
    if(&d == this) return *this;
    B::operator=(d);
    _i = d._i;
  }
private:
  int _i;
};

B* f(const D& d)
{
  d.say("f(const D& d)");
  return new D(d); 
}

void main()
{
  D d;
  B b = *f(d);

  std::cout << "\n\n";
}